「共同体と葬式」ですか！
ふむっ、確かに、葬式は昔は町内会で行っていた？！ような気がします。
私の小さかった頃(40年ほぼ前）では、葬儀は自宅で行い、町内会の多くの方々で動員されていました。
通夜の炊き出しは、婦人会の仕事ですし、香典受け取り、集計は町会の会計係りの仕事です。
実質上の葬式を取り仕切っているのは町内会の会長などの役員だったのかも知れません。
それだけ、町内会が「共同体」的な、相互扶助の役割を残していた時代だったのでしょう。
今は、自宅ですることなどありえなし、葬儀屋に全て外注に成っていますね。

先祖供養と日本人の死生観

先祖供養って何？ 田舎に帰れば「お彼岸」「お盆」「葬式」「年忌」etc、様々な供…

私の実家もそうでした。
炊き出しや会計はもちろんの事、メンタルなケアまで近所の方達がしてくれていた気がします。
皆が支え合って生きている事が普通であったものが、今は無くなりつつありますね。

猪飼野さん、卑弥呼さん、コメント有り難うございます。葬式が地域の共同体の運営から離れて業者に委託するというのはもはや一般化していますね。仲間だった死者を仲間が弔うのはごく自然で当たり前の行為だとは思うのですが、それを”他人”の手に委ねるというのは、ひとつは共同体そのものの喪失が原因とは思いますが、もう一つは何でもかんでも”外注化”による便利さの追求があるのではないでしょうか。現在の業者への外注需要の理由の中で、”葬式”という儀式を行うことに対する遺族の”労力”の軽減というのが大きな比重を占めているそうです。

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Lord Lambeth indulged in one of his rare discriminations. “I shall give them the opportunity.”
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“I have heard, Anna Andreyevna,” I replied, “that his proposed fiancee is a delightful girl. Yes, and Natalya Nikolaevna says the same thing about her.”
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The contractor, of course, cheated him over the dowry, but anyway he was able with his wife’s money to buy back his estate, and to get on to his feet again. The contractor’s daughter, who had fallen to the prince’s lot, was scarcely able to write, could not put two words together, was ugly, and had only one great virtue: she was good-natured and submissive. The prince took the utmost advantage of this quality in her. After the first year of marriage, he left his wife, who had meanwhile borne him a son, at Moscow, in charge of her father, the contractor, and went off to serve, in another province, where, through the interest of a powerful relation in Petersburg, he obtained a prominent post. His soul thirsted for distinction, advancement, a career, and realizing that he could not live with his wife either in Petersburg or Moscow, he resolved to begin his career in the provinces until something better turned up. It is said that even in the first year of his marriage he wore his wife out by his brutal behaviour. This rumour always revolted Nikolay Sergeyitch, and he hotly defended the prince, declaring that he was incapable of a mean action. But seven years later his wife died, and the bereaved husband immediately returned to Petersburg. In Petersburg he actually caused some little sensation. With his fortune, his good looks and his youth, his many brilliant qualities, his wit, his taste, and his unfailing gaiety he appeared in Petersburg not as a toady and fortune-hunter, but as a man in a fairly independent position. It is said that there really was something fascinating about him; something dominating and powerful. He was extremely attractive to women, and an intrigue with a society beauty gave him a scandalous renown. He scattered money without stint in spite of his natural economy, which almost amounted to niggardliness; he lost money at cards when suitable, and could lose large sums without turning a hair. But he had not come to Petersburg for the sake of amusement. He was bent on making his career and finally establishing his position. He attained this object. Count Nainsky, his distinguished relative, who would have taken no notice of him if he had come as an ordinary applicant, was so struck by his success in society that he found it suitable and possible to show him particular attention, and even condescended to take his seven-year-old son to be brought up in his house. To this period belongs the prince’s visit to Vassilyevskoe and his acquaintance with Nikolay Sergeyitch. Attaining at last, through the influence of the count, a prominent post in one of the most important foreign embassies, he went abroad. Later, rumours of his doings were rather vague. People talked of some unpleasant adventure that had befallen him abroad, but no one could explain exactly what it was. All that was known was that he succeeded in buying an estate of four hundred serfs, as I have mentioned already. It was many years later that he returned from abroad; he was of high rank in the service and at once received a very prominent post in Petersburg. Rumours reached Ichmenyevka that he was about to make a second marriage which would connect him with a very wealthy, distinguished and powerful family. “He is on the high road to greatness,” said Nikolay Sergeyitch, rubbing his hands with pleasure. I was at Petersburg then, at the university, and I remember Nikolay Sergeyitch wrote on purpose to ask me to find out whether the report was true. He wrote to the prince, too, to solicit his interest for me, but the prince left the letter unanswered. I only knew that the prince’s son, who had been brought up first in the count’s household and afterwards at the lycee, had now finished his studies at the age of nineteen. I wrote about this to Nikolay Sergeyitch, and told him, too, that the prince was very fond of his son, and spoilt him, and was already making plans for his future. All this I learnt from fellow-students who knew the young prince. It was about this time, that one fine morning Nikolay Sergeyitch received a letter from Prince Valkovsky that greatly astonished him.
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共同体社会と人類婚姻史 | 共同体と葬式